Professor Glenn Denning, MPA-DP Program Director, giving the keynote address for the One World Festival COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Professor Glenn Denning, MPA-DP Program Director, giving the keynote address for the One World Festival COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Last week Professor Glenn Denning, our MPA-DP Program Director led a public talk at  #OneWorldFestival  event at Queen’s University, Belfast. Professor Denning discussed how the world can build a sustainable food supply system in a time when an ever-increasing population is to reach 10 billion by 2050. As he put it: “It’s not rocket science â€" we have all the knowledge we need. What we need to do is invest pro-actively and strategically or we face the catastrophe of famine and extreme environmental degradation we have all been warned about. Read more on what Professor Denning shared before the audience of the event here. Learn more about the  MPA-DP Program.  Follow us on: Instagram: @columbiasipa_mpadp Twitter: @ColumbiaMPADP LinkedIn Facebook

The Shocking Ideas of Kate Chopins The Awakening

The Shocking Ideas of The Awakening Ideas that resist existing social boundaries commonly are rejected at first, because people don’t want to wake up from their reliable lives. Kate Chopin, however, believed that an awakening was in order, and she attempted to open the eyes of society through her novel The Awakening. The public’s reaction to Chopin’s novel was not one of acceptance. Too strong a drink for moral babies, and should be labeled ‘poison,’ was the how the Republic described Chopins work (Seyersted 174). This is how society viewed a novel that is intended to give people insight into the minds and feelings of women as human beings. Of course, over the years, society grew to not only accept Chopin’s ideas, but to embrace†¦show more content†¦Chopin translated eight of his works and through him developed her style of writing. She shared his concept of a hero : An isolated world-weary and misanthropic hero who revels in his own sensuality; who trusts in nature and distrusts human relationships, especially love; who experiences a sense of liberation through solitary walks and confidences in his writing... and who is strongly drawn to death as a solution to the repetitive meaninglessness of lifes pleasures. (Taylor 160) This was the basic outline for the plot of The Awakening. The book starts with Edna, a New Orleans high society wife and mother who was miserable with her life. While spending the summer in Grand Isle, Edna meets Mademoiselle Reiz whose music is the only thing in which Edna finds happiness. Through the music Edna awakens to the fact that she has the right to be happy. Finding Ednas behavior unusual, her husband Mr. Pontellier takes the advice of a friend and leaves on a long business trip, giving Edna her space. On the isle she also meets Robert Lebrun who awakens her to a passion Mr. Pontellier could never give her. During the summer they fall deeply in love but Robert is scared of being condemned by society and flees to Mexico.(Bloom 11). After Robert leaves, Edna meets Alcee Arobin. Hopeful that Alcee will be like Robert, she takes him into her home. Once there Alcee becomes as controlling as Mr. Pontellier.Show MoreRelatedNurse2025 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å" Common Themes Found in Kate Chopins Short Stories Kimberley J. Dorsey Stevenson University English 152, Writing About Literature 152-OME1 Charlotte Wulf November 14, 2010 Abstract Many of Kate Chopin’s short stories share the common themes of female oppression. The females in her stories are trying to find a way to escape their oppression and have a sense freedom and individuality. TheyRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour And The Awakening2567 Words   |  11 PagesApril 14, 2015 ENG 112L Final Paper This paper will examine the life of Kate Chopin along with her writing style and theme in The Story of an Hour and The Awakening. Chopin has a unique writing style that shows throughout all of her works. Her works carry similar themes that include: women in search of independence, negative views of marriage, and self-assertion. While reading Chopin’s work, the reader will conclude that Chopin’s writing is very inspiring because she incorporates obstacles that sheRead More feminaw Seeking a New Identity for Women in The Awakening Essay1461 Words   |  6 PagesSeeking a New Identity for Women in  The Awakening      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In The Awakening, Chopin questions gender roles. Chopin seeks an identity for women that is neither wife nor mother. To achieve this end, she incorporates progressive feminist ideas into her writing. Yet, in the end, Chopin also shows that, because of years of conditioning, many women are unable to escape society’s stereotypical roles by any satisfactory means. The protagonist of the novel, Edna Pontellier, does not possess the skillsRead More Female Sexuality Desire in Chopins The Storm Essays1822 Words   |  8 PagesFemale Sexuality Desire in Chopins The Storm  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   In Kate Chopins time traditional patriarchal notions about women and sexuality deemed sexual passion a negligible, even improper, aspect of womens lives. Yet Chopin boldly addresses a womans sexual desire in her short story The Storm. This story shockingly details a torrid extramarital sexual encounter between Calixta and Alcee` in the midst of a raging storm. While this story line could have been presented in a traditional lightRead MoreGender in Literature Essay2083 Words   |  9 Pagesespecially those who lived and wrote during times of repression of groups and urges for social change, wrote â€Å"outcast† characters that were shocking to the time. Kate Chopin and Sandra Cisneros, two authors from two separate eras of history, portray the main characters in their stories as outsiders within their respective environments. In Chopin’s The Awakening (1899), Edna Pontellier struggles with the demands that society expects her to fulfill. In Cisneros story, â₠¬Å"Woman Hollering Creek† (1991),Read MoreKate Chopin s The Locket And Desiree s Baby1575 Words   |  7 Pages Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Locket† and â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† are two stories where heart-rending news changed main characters lives. In the beginning of the both stories love between couples is described. Desiree is happy being wife and mother to newborn male baby while in the Locket Edmond is constantly thinking about his sweetheart Octavie. Both stories touch different sides of love, which appears fortunate in the Locket, but destructive in Desiree s Baby. In â€Å"Desiree’s Baby†, Armand begins distancingRead More Stop Literary Censorship Essay1566 Words   |  7 PagesStop Literary Censorship      Ã‚  Ã‚   Censorship is becoming more and more common all over the world today. The online Encarta Encyclopedia defines censorship as, supervision and control of the information and ideas that are circulated among the people within a society. In modern times, censorship refers to the examination of books...for the purpose of altering or suppressing parts thought to be objectionable or offensive. Henry Reichman from the Education World website defines it as, theRead More Janie from Their Eyes Were Watching God, Gatsby from The Great Gatsby, June from The Joy Luck Club, and Edna from The Awakening1727 Words   |  7 PagesGatsby, June from The Joy Luck Club, and Edna from The Awakening In most of the worlds greatest literature, there have been introduced countless courageous characters and triumphant victories. These characters have the power to father strength from distress and grow brave by reflection. Such characters as Janie from Their Eyes Were Watching God, Gatsby from The Great Gatsby, June from The Joy Luck Club, and Edna from The Awakening. Throughout each of these magnificent stories comes anRead MoreThe Awakening By Kate Chopin1816 Words   |  8 Pagestask was to take care of her husband and children. Kate Chopin’s book, The Awakening, expresses the failures and the successes in a woman s life as she tries to live with the harsh cultural demands placed on her life. Edna fights against the stereotype mother/woman and the pressures of 1899 that demand her to be a meek and loyal housewife. Although Edna ultimately commits suicide thus wasting her efforts against an oppressive society, The Awakening still supports and endorses feminism as a method

Nursing Professionalism Essay - 2432 Words

Nursing Professionalism XXXXX Nursing XXXX Professor XXXXX XXXXX, 2012 Abstract Professionalism is a dynamic combination of several aspects of nursing. I think that the cores of nursing professionalism is caring and serving. This article examines the concept of professionalism in nursing along with my personal decision to enter this field. I got into the nursing profession because I wanted to help people and be able to advocate for their needs. Through my experience, I realize that nursing is a profession, not just a job. The article by LaSala and Nelson supports that nursing professionalism encompasses more than just professional appearance and should be considered in a variety of different settings, including the job interview†¦show more content†¦I liked the idea that the nurse could be directly involved in the client care and decision making process. I decided that I wanted work in a position where I could advocate and have more control over patient case, so I decided to return to school. I continued to work as a medical assistant as took my pre requisite classes. The longer I worked as a registered medical assistant, the more confirmation I got that I wanted more decision-making responsibility and more exposure to the clinical aspect of client care. I initially wanted to obtain my bachelor’s degree in nursing, but I realized that I would be able to actually practice as a nurse sooner if I obtained by associates degree in nursing (ADN). I was always very vocal to my family and friends, that my associate’s degree was just to get my foot in the door and start practicing, but ultimately, I wanted to obtain my nurse practitioner’s license. So, when I decided to re-enroll in the RN to BSN program, it did not come as a surprise to any of my family or friends. I generally work with two other nurses at my job. My immediate supervisor, who has been a practicing RN for over 20 years, fully supports my decision to obtain my bachelor’s degree in nursing (BSN). In fact, I believe that my pursuit of a BSN has inspired her to do the same. The other nurse I work with does not understand why I would â€Å"waste† my time in obtaining my nurse practitioner’s license. She appearsShow MoreRelatedProfessionalism In Nursing1297 Words   |  6 Pagesno harm†. The history of nursing initially begins with Florence Nightingale. Before her era nurses had a tarnished reputation (Glasper, 2017). They were poorly educated and incompetent people. Nurses such as Mrs. Bedford Fenwick wanted to change the image of nursing. They did this by leading a campaign for professionalism. Which led to the culminated Nurse Bill receiving is royal assent in December 1919 (Glasper, 2017). July 27, 1921 was the official opening of the nursing register, there are currentlyRead MoreProfessionalism in Nursing2404 Words   |  10 Pagesprofessions in which professionalism is of the highest reputation, and nursing is among them. In the area of nursing, there is much importance to be placed with the improvement of professionalism within the profession. Nursing is a profession that depends on practitioners to perform in a way that characterized the goodness of the wider discipline, as all nurses are in a position of accountability and responsibility. This essay will further look into the topic of professionalism in nursing, the role of aRead MoreNursing Professionalism And The Profession Of Nursing1308 Words   |  6 Pages Nursing, at its inception, was a service provided mostly by women. Far from a profession, it was considered a vocation; often a mere extension of the wife/mother role. Nurses were perceived as servants to the physicians with little power or ability to function independently. The predominant male presence in medicine, lack of formal education offered to nurses, and the subservient nature of the work significantly hindered its professionalization. Over time, as educational standards were createdRead MoreProfessionalism: The Nursing Profession778 Words   |  3 PagesProfessionalism: The Nursing Profession Professionalism is something that is practiced on a daily basis by people in many different careers. Atsede Fantahun (2014) said, â€Å"professionalism is defined as the conceptualization of obligations, attributes, interactions, attitudes, and role behaviors required of professionals in relationship to individual clients and to society as a whole† (p. 2). A professional is expected to display competent and skillful behaviors in relationship with their professionRead MoreProfessionalism Of The Nursing Professional1007 Words   |  5 Pages Professionalism in the Workplace Marjorie Lopez Medical Surgical Nursing 144 February 15, 2015 Cathy Westberry 2 Professionalism in nursing is a fundamental factor between a profession and society that is based on trust and putting the needs of patients above all other considerations. The aim of this paper is to identify the characteristics of the nursing professional. These characteristics include motivation, communication skills, solving problems and making decisions, managingRead MoreNursing Professionalism Essay1675 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is Nursing Professionalism? Cathy Soto Nursing 408 Transitions in Professional Nursing Linda Jacobson 9/21/2011 Abstract According to Maister (1997) true professionalism means the pursuit of excellence, not just competence. Nurses must be competent in their pursuit of excellence. According to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing Position Statement, rapidly expanding clinical knowledge and mounting complexities in health care mandate that professional nurses possessRead More Professionalism in Nursing Essay996 Words   |  4 Pageswhen being evaluated on professionalism, a person is judged based on the clients; Attitude, Values, Communication techniques, and approachability. Clients who display a committed, dependable attitude will benefit more from work exerted, and overall be rewarded with incentives. Although professionalism may be in the eye of the beholder. A profession is defined as a trade or vocation, mainly one that involves some sort of higher education or special training. Professionalism is a stature that theRead MoreEthics and Professionalism in Nursing500 Words   |  2 PagesEthics and Professionalism in Nursing The combination of professionalism and ethics can be equated with an extraordinary nurse because they are core components in the nursing profession and crucial to patient trust, confidence and wellbeing. Having a degree in nursing is not what makes one a professional. Professionalism is defined as: The skill, good judgment, and polite behavior that is expected from a person who is trained to do a job well. It is further described as: the conduct, aims,Read MoreProfessionalism In Nursing Essay1405 Words   |  6 Pagesread, offering insights that were thought provoking and informative. 1-We started out this with a dialog on the idea of professionalism in nursing. We journeyed from how this profession got its start then transformed into the career that we are working in now to include the rationale for the program we are taking, RN to BSN. Some challenges were discussed as part of the nursing field such as stress and ideas were given on coping to avoid burnout and maintain patient care. It is fortunate to knowRead MoreProfessionalism in the Workplace of Nursing Essay698 Words   |  3 PagesIn a highly respected profession such as nursing, professionalism is an important element to staying employed and setting one’s self apart from the rest of the applicants when competing for a potential job. By definition professionalism are the qualities and traits that describe a professional. While knowledge is crucial in any profession, according to an article published by the University of Kansas (2012), â€Å"all medical professionals must strive to retain those hu manistic qualities integrity, respect

Modern Architecture Free Essays

Rakhshaan Qazi-Â ­? Modern Architecture, Essay two Four of the leading architects of the modernist period were Adolf Loos, Frank Lloyd Wright, Ludwig Mies Van der Rode, and Louis Kahn. These architects drew significantly from each other and explored similar ideas in their establishing of a new standard in approaching architecture. Decoration became a taboo while simpler and more functional forms took their place. We will write a custom essay sample on Modern Architecture or any similar topic only for you Order Now I am going to be talking about Loius Kahn and how he is talked abut in different texts. Loius Kahn was both more subtle and radical than all the rchitects mentioned din his book so far. From early on Kahn was interested in housing reform movements and working on mostly government housing projects. Kahn strongly believed that there was a dire need for civic architecture, which would eventually ignite a sense of common purpose and democratic participation. Kahn went from the modernist tradition to a fusion of Viollet-Â ­? de-Â ­? Duc and neoclassicism. And eventually to a more or less, unchanging form types. His convergence between the two was suggested by platonic geometries found in nature. He strongly isagreed with the concept of a free plan, and believed in the aggregation of identical rooms, which broke down architecture to its most primitive unit of meaning. When Louis Kahn worked on a space, he would try to understand the spiritual quality of the spaces and put that into the materials that he used for the place. He’d pay specific attention to technical aspects of things and to work precisely. He had great control over the materials he used. He liked to think of his spaces as servant spaces, meaning that these were spaces in buildings that would erve other spaces and allow each other to exist. He believed strongly that architecture appeals to the community it serves as well as the already recognized structural functionality. He added that architecture should reveal the story of the construction through materiality. His major mission was to put the spiritual sense of the space into the material. He was trying to figure out how to materialize the spirituality of the space. He had a mastery of monumentality; he understood attempted to integrate as much of nature as possible into his urban work. He hought that nature should become a basis on which American modern architecture should emerge. A lot of his work into the 30s was focused more on giving Ame rican society a social form during times of crisis, working on things like decentralized utopia, including cheap single family dwellings, the Usonian houses. These were for middle class families and encouraged them to gather in the same place. This encouraged the concrete slab roofs for the practicality and suggested a new concept for independent living. He was strictly at odds with the international odern movement. Although his use of slabs can be related to this movement, they were, in actuality, at odds with it due to this specifically American idea of living free in nature. He wanted to fuse function, structure, and idea while being inspired by natural forms. His whole obsession with community planning was based on the idea of spreading away from cities and moving more into suburban areas. He fantasized that people would be able to access the service aspects of urban communities and the facility aspects of rural areas all at the same time. How to cite Modern Architecture, Essay examples

Outline the positive and negative features of the command economy Research Paper Example

Outline the positive and negative features of the command economy Paper The essential economic problem is limited resources, such as land, labour, capital and enterprise, in relation to unlimited wants. Because of this, people need to answer the three basic economic questions: what to produce, how to produce and for whom to produce. Therefore there is a need for effective resource allocation with effective answers or rather methods of organizing the production, distribution, exchange, sharing goods and services. Allocation of scarce resources is organized through several different economic systems. The idea of the command economy is to answer the three basic economic questions completely by the government (not by the market forces) and that means also that all factors of production are owned by the government. It is based upon the Karl Marxs (1818-1883) theory that all people are equally. This way of answering the questions is not perfect and hence contain both advantages and disadvantages. Positive features The Government is very powerful (so overall there is the possibility to grow economically very quickly from a poor background) and plans everything for the society. These social goals are also individual goals, thus the state cares for every person equally: It distributes and redistributes the wealth equally, so that everyone has the same income. Current spending, such as in social welfare, government employees, defense, health, pensions, debt repayments, is made by the government and therefore the society receive all these goods and services for free. Capital spending, such as in the infrastructure, e. g. : airports, housing, roads and rails, education, telecommunication, is made by the government and therefore the society receive all these for free as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Outline the positive and negative features of the command economy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Outline the positive and negative features of the command economy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Outline the positive and negative features of the command economy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Moreover there is enough provision of essential services, law and order, cultural affairs, international relations and social issues. Factors of production are not just mobile because of governments help or plans, they are also used effectively, that means that unemployment and inflation do not exist. This is because the prices are constant, they are controlled by the government, not by constantly changing/insecure market forces: The government shifts the demand by prices and advertising from goods with negative and positive externalities- constant high prices on harmful goods like cars and alcohol to reduce their consumption nd constant low prices on basic commodities like food, housing, health care, public transport (to ensure that consumers are able to afford adequate supplies)2. Likewise the value of the currency is constant and there is no lack of essential goods. As a result of all these features the command economy there is no abuse of any power and it is equally advantageous for all people. But these positive features exist just measured with inside parameters, that means just in the theory, because the reality is also measured with outside parameters, negative features do exist: Negative features In a command economy there is no private property, no self interest in profit, no competition, no freedom of choice and all of the governments targets are quantitative not qualitative. Because they are just quantitative, growth occurs, but without development. A good real world example are the consequences of the cold war (1945-1991): there was an increase in the output of military goods, but no equal increase in the output of civilian goods, therefore no development: The consumer could only choose to spend income on those things the government decided to produce. Consumer wishes were often a poor third in the plan after investment needs and defence needs were met. 5 Production costs are not reflected in prices. For example, it may cost more to produce a good or service, than the purchased price is. Since prices act not as signals, the government just suppressed the inflation, because it is not possible to convert prices because of the difference of inside parameters to outside parameters. One of the results is that the economy is when not able respond quickly to new conditions. And so there is only little economic efficiency, first, because in reality there is unemployment, (it is likely to be hidden or disguised), but many people produced very little, their marginal product is very low, inefficiency is high and secondly, the principles of profit and loss do not exist, as well as the concept of competition, there is just one firm per product and what is why inefficient firms do not close and goods and services are not produced at the lowest possible cost, so resources are wasted and this leads to more or real loss and bad quality all in all it is not a very effective way resource allocation. The consequence of this is that the government needs to use also alternative methods like queuing or rationing. Furthermore black markets and corruption are likely to arise. Conclusion If all people are equal, that means all people are equally rich or poor, there is absolutely no motivation in development, because the government says that it should be like is. But governments plans are imperfect because they are made by imperfect human beings who naturally cannot detect demand precisely6 (they have no signals). Above all governments think that the demand is fixed so the supply needs to be fixed the reality shows the contrary: Planning has been and is the most effective way in simple economies or wartime. On certain levels this economic program met with considerable success. In the 1940s the Soviet state withstood the German onslaught and emerged from the Second World War as a global power. Also, in the ensuing years the Soviet Union was able to maintain a military industrial complex that allowed it to contend with the United States on a global basis. But as economies grow more richer, they grow more complex and then the command idea fails7 in achieving the optimal resource allocation (see also above: diagram1): Today all economies are mixed. But those who were or are more centrally planned had or have more problems with poverty, unemployment, development, etc. The comparison with a country without command economy shows that the other country is nearer to the PPF and the command with command economy is not close enough to the PPF, that means there is ineffective use of factors of production. The aim to maximize profits is more important to the human nature than to serve the public interest. Yet it is not completely useless the positive features, to produce more public/merit goods, use all combinations of factors of productions and produce for all people, are integrated so that the economy is nearer to the PPF, by using the command concepts of the circular flow of income, transfer payments, commodity agreements, taxes and price controls.

Analysis and Interpretation of The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath

Analysis and Interpretation of The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath The Bell Jar is a semi-autobiographical novel having names of places and individuals altered and it tells six months in the life of its central character, Esther Greenwood, an over-achieving college student from the suburbs of Boston, Massachusetts. Written by the American writer and poet, Sylvia Plath, the book was initially published in London, England, under the pseudonym Victoria Lucas in January 1963, and it was in 1966 that the novel was first published under the author’s real names.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis and Interpretation of The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More By 1971, due to the desires of Plath’s husband and mother, the publishing of the novel in the U.S. started to take place and it received several positive reviews. An analysis and interpretation of this compelling novel reveals that it parallels Plath’s own experiences. In the opening chap ters of the novel, the author introduces the initial situation by illustrating the life of Esther, a college student, working as an intern at a women’s magazine in New York together with numerous other successful college girls (Bloom, 20). Nonetheless, regardless of the fact that Esther had almost all things that a young woman can desire to have, her life is full of a devastating sense of disaffection and hopelessness. In spite of having a dreamy boyfriend, an excellent academic performance, and a comfortable job as an intern, Esther is terribly unhappy with her life and she feels that the community is grooming her for a docile life in future. During summer holidays, she gets back home to a Boston suburb where she proves her most horrible fears about herself. Her bitter relationship with her mom coupled with her dismissal from the summer writing program increased her emotions of alienation and despair for the rest of the summer period. This is the conflict in the story. Next, Plath introduces elements of conflict in the story. As the summer was nearing to an end, Esther’s conduct became more unpredictable as her hopelessness increased, even after visiting a psychiatrist and performing an electroshock therapy. After a few uncertain trials at suicide, she made up her mind to end all her sufferings by creeping into a void beneath her house and consumed an excess dose of sleeping pills; however, she was saved in the nick of time a few days later when she was barely alive. Further, the author introduces suspense in the story in depicting Esther’s situation for the first few days following her unsuccessful suicide attempts. The time she spent at the psychiatric wards of the first two different hospitals did nothing to alleviate her suffering; however, the initiative that Philomena Guinea, the woman who sponsored her college scholarship, took to take her to a private psychiatric institution assisted her in coming out of her depressed state.Advert ising Looking for essay on comparative literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thereafter, the author introduces aspects of denouement in the story. At the private institution, Esther’s condition got better until she was given more freedom to go walking in town, which made her to enter into a sexual relationship with a Harvard professor. Unfortunately, she bled profusely during this encounter and her fellow psychiatric patient, Joan, assisted her to come out of the ordeal. However, Joan committed suicide a few days later. As the novel ends, Esther is entering into an exit interview and one can assume that he is indeed going to be released from the psychiatric institution. Esther says, â€Å"I have been born twice- patched, retreated and approved for the road† (Plath, 244) and makes her back to the society again. Outstandingly, several events in the novel parallel those of the life of its writer. Bot h the author and her fictional counterpart lost their father at their childhood, both were skillful poets who were distinguished for wining prices and scholarships, and somehow similar to Esther, Sylvia went through electroshock therapy and went missing after a suicide attempt, thereafter she was hospitalized for psychotherapy. Imitating the initial chapters of the book, Sylvia’s real-life magazine was at Mademoiselle Magazine in the early 1950s and Philomena Guinea parallels Sylvia’s own patron, Olive Higgins Prouty, who funded her education while she was a student at the prestigious womens college known as the Smith College located in Northampton, Massachusetts. Sylvia was dismissed from a Harvard class taught by Frank O’Connor and Sylvia’s personal therapist, Ruth Beuscher, is widely believed to parallel Dr. Nolan who attended to Esther in the novel. A significant potion of the book that talks about the hospitalization of Esther is thought to be based on the incidences recorded by Mary Jane Ward in her autobiographical novel The Snake Pit; consequently, the fact that Sylvia was a patient at McLean Hospital resembles the â€Å"snake pit† experience depicted in Ward’s book (Ward, 5). It is important to note that Sylvia Intentionally based the depiction of Esther being in hospital on the practices and techniques described Ward’s novel. When the novel was initially published under its pseudonym, Sylvia was dissatisfied by the assessments that passed judgment on the book as a feminist corresponding item to the works of the American author, Jerome David Salinger. The assessments were lukewarm, since British reviewers pointed that it was an analysis of American society and considered the title character to be a desperate individual, and, sadly, less than one month following the initial publication of the novel, Sylvia committed suicide through asphyxiation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on A nalysis and Interpretation of The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The major theme of the novel is a feminist one. Its main character goes through various difficulties under the restricted responsibilities available for the women of her time and the inferiority of women to men; thus, the story is a protest at the expectations that women are obliged to comply with so as to be regarded normal and victorious in the male-dominated society. One of the minor themes of the book is its portrayal of anxiety about death. The protagonist’s suicidal imaginations as well as imaginations of death pervade the book. She is so incapacitated with anxiety that most of the time she does not respond to the things taking place around her and she feels often in the â€Å"hell† of her own mind. For example, this quotation, â€Å"†¦wherever I sat-on the deck of a ship or a street cafà © in Paris or Bangkok I would be sit ting under the same glass bell jar stewing, in my own sour air†(Plath, 185), introduces the symbol of the bell jar in the novel. This illustrates that Esther’s suicidal imaginations are derived from a sense of suffocating isolation because of the large gap that exists between the expectation of the community about her and her own feelings and experiences, and, as such, she retreats more within herself as the bell jar is covered tightly over her. And, in the last chapter, Esther’s supposed cure is depicted: â€Å"How did I know that someday- at college, in Europe, somewhere, anywhere- the bell jar, with its stifling distortions, wouldn’t descend again?† (Plath, 241). A poem that Sylvia wrote in the month of her death named â€Å"Balloon† also illustrates this theme of anxiety of death. In the poem, she attempts to write down her thoughts about life, centering on the Christmas holiday she had just enjoyed with her family members. Moreover, she also centers on a baby boy squeaking a balloon; however, in the end, the balloon is burst, leaving only a slice of red in the baby’s fist: â€Å"Then sits Back, fat jug contemplating a world clear as water. A red Shred in his little fist† (Plath, last paragraph). Thus, the â€Å"Balloon† early images are incorporeal, and then the culmination approaches, without anything. In conclusion, the novel is in the genre of coming-of-age fiction because of the way it marked out the path of Esther, the protagonist in the story, as she moved in a crucial period in her life from an inexperienced teenager to an experienced young woman. The story is told in the narrator point-of-view; that is, the events are filtered through the novel’s protagonist, which forces the readers to follow what happens inside her head.Advertising Looking for essay on comparative literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, as much as this narrative style gives the readers a first hand information of what is happening, it becomes difficult to get an objective view of Esther or a more detailed analysis of the other characters in the novel. Narrated from the protagonist’s point-of-view, the novel’s tone is cynical, tormented, and humorous in its portrayal of the events that take place. Bloom, Harold. Sylvia Plaths The bell jar. New York, NY : Blooms Literary Criticism, 2009. Print. Plath, Sylvia. â€Å"Balloons.† Poemhunter.com. Poem Hunter, 5 Feb. 1963. Web. Plath, Sylvia. The bell jar. New York: Harper Perennial, 2006. Print. Ward, Mary. The snake pit. Cutchogue, N.Y.: Buccaneer Books, 1983. Print.

7 Steps for Writing a Paper on an Environmental Issue

7 Steps for Writing a Paper on an Environmental Issue Are you a student tasked with writing a research paper on an environmental issue? These few tips, along with some hard and focused work, should get you most of the way there. 1. Find a topic Look for a topic that speaks to you, that grabs your attention. Alternatively, choose a topic about which you are genuinely interested in learning more. It will be a lot easier to spend time working on something of interest to you. Here are some places you can find ideas for a paper: Of course, here on About.com’s Environmental Issues site. Browse the front page to see if a topic grabs your attention, or go to more specific content hubs like these ones:Global warmingBiodiversityDeforestationFossil fuelsWater PollutionThe science or environment sections of major newspapers and news organizations will feature articles about current environmental news and events.Environmental news websites like Grist or Environmental News Network. 2. Conduct research Are you using internet resources? Make sure you can assess the quality of the information you find. This article from Purdue University’s Online Writing Lab is useful to help with assessing the quality of your sources. Print resources are not to be neglected. Visit your school or city library, learn how to use their search engine, and talk to your librarian about accessing the resources available. Are you expected to constrain your sources to primary literature? That body of knowledge consists of peer-reviewed articles published in scientific journals. Consult your librarian for help with accessing the proper databases to reach those articles. 3. Follow instructions Carefully read the handout or prompt given to you and which contains instructions about the assignment. Early in the process, make sure you choose a topic that will satisfy the assigned requirements. Once half-way through the paper, and once when it’s done, check it against the instructions to make sure you didn’t drift away from what was required. 4. Start with a solid structure First craft a paper outline with your main ideas organized, and a thesis statement. A logical outline will make it easy to gradually flesh out ideas and eventually produce complete paragraphs with good transitions between them. Make sure all the sections serve the purpose of the paper outlined in the thesis statement. 5. Edit After you have a good draft produced, put the paper down, and don’t pick it up until the next day. It’s due tomorrow? Next time, start working on it earlier. This break will help you with the editing stage: you need fresh eyes to read, and re-read your draft for flow, typos, and a myriad other little problems. 6. Pay attention to formatting Along the way, check that you are following your teacher’s formatting instructions: font size, line spacing, margins, length, page numbers, title page, etc. A poorly formatted paper will suggest to your teacher that not only the form, but the content is of low quality as well. 7. Avoid plagiarism First, make sure you know what plagiarism is, you can then more easily avoid it. Pay especially close attention to properly attributing the work you cite. For More Information Purdue University Online Writing Lab. Writing a Research Paper.